Saving Secrets From Extreme Savers

By Elaine Appleman Grant

Lynn Tostado is almost embarrassed about her hobby: "Saving money is, well, a passion of mine," she says. "I've always kept my eyes out for creative ways to stretch a dollar."

The Dover, N.H., accounting manager had a compelling reason to practice thrift. She spent a decade at home raising her four kids. Then she and her husband put three of them through college simultaneously.

"I really had to watch our pennies," she says.

These days, as the cost of food and gas skyrockets, credit becomes more difficult to get and consumer confidence reaches an all-time low, saving has become a must. Tostado's years of experience as a passionate saver stand her in good stead. She's hardly alone. There's a whole group of people who are passionate about saving without living a Spartan life.

Call them "uber savers."

Finding Ways to Save

1. Saving on Retail
2. Groceries
3. Automobiles
4. Giving
5. Commuting & housing
6. Phone services & other necessities
7. Travel

1. Saving on Retail

Michele Carter, a CPA and mother of two in Barrington, N.H., is a hawk about tracking sales prices on her purchases and asking retailers for the savings. For example, Carter keeps her Christmas gift receipts and, after the holiday, checks to see if retailers have slashed prices on any of the gifts she's already plunked under the tree.

Then she calls the merchant and, without returning the item, asks the store to refund the difference between her cost and the new sales price. She then gives the difference to the gift recipient.

"I once got my mother-in-law $60 back on a gift we purchased for her," she says.

Carter also claims the price guarantees offered by stores like Lowe's and Home Depot: If you find the same product for less elsewhere, you get the item for 10 percent off the lowest price.

"I have seen an ad for something I purchased, after the purchase, and I have been given the lower price," she says.

Keeping an eye on these promotions paid off recently when Carter bought a new refrigerator. After she saw an ad for the same refrigerator at a competitor's store, she netted close to $100 in savings with a single phone call. Her advice: Call, don't visit the store. In Carter's experience, a local store manager will always find a reason to say no.

Carter, an inveterate comparison shopper, also shops on home repairs. Recently, she bought a new Pella front door at Lowe's, spending $1,000 less than Pella's asking price. Then, rather than paying Lowe's $800 installation fee, she hired a local carpenter for $400 -- and paid that tab with the $400 tax credit she'll receive for installing the energy-saving door.

Stay-at-home mom Martha Andersen is an avid reader, as are her husband and her two children. Last year, Andersen, who lives in Durham, N.H., decided to spend only $4 per person on Christmas gifts.

She acquired most of her gifts through Paperbackswap.com, a site on which members can trade paperback and hardcover books for the cost of postage, and Daedalus, a discount book catalog that Andersen says offered "really nice gifts for less than $4." You can also swap CDs on SwapaCD.com and DVDs at recently launched SwapaDVD.com.
Melissa Ragan, a teacher in an inner-city public school in Lawrence, Mass., also loves Paperbackswap.com. She uses the site to get books for her special-needs classroom.

Ragan is also a Freecycle devotee. Freecycle.org, a membership organization with thousands of local chapters, helps people give away unwanted goods, such as brand-new baby clothes, computers and furniture, to other "freecyclers" so that it won't end up in landfills.

Most of the time, it's not worn-out Salvation Army merchandise. Not long ago, the Boston chapter featured an entire Ethan Allen living room set free for the taking. You can "ask" for something specific, and often, you'll get it. People frequently ask for exercise equipment, like treadmills, and find treasures within a day.

Not surprisingly, uber savers are also crazy about Craigslist.org. Chris Grande, a financial planner and managing partner of Heritage Financial Group in Medford, Mass. bought a $5,000 leather living room set for only $200 when he noticed the classified ad on his local Craigslist site.

2. Groceries

What does the high price of food mean to the average frugal grocery shopper? Eat locally. Produce, meat, poultry and eggs grown nearby have always been better for the environment. Now, because of high fuel prices, buying local is also the smartest way to shop.

Purchase produce in season and frequent farmer's markets, where you'll find the best deals on the freshest fruits and vegetables. Invest in a freezer, if you have the space, and buy your meat locally as well.

Uber saver Mike Hegarty, a CPA in Des Moines, Iowa, says he saves $500 a year on meat by purchasing whole animals from local farms.

In case you've never done it and you're having a hard time visualizing it in your garage, when you buy a quarter of a cow from a local farm, a butcher cuts it into the familiar hamburger, flank and sirloin steaks and packages it for you. An extra bonus: Local farms often raise all-natural or even organic beef, pork and chicken.

If you're really devoted to cutting your grocery bill, try buying through a co-op. To do this, you'll need to form a "buying club" with friends and neighbors; forming a group will allow you to order food at wholesale prices from co-op distributors like Associated Buyers in Barrington, N.H., or Rainbow Natural Foods in Aurora, Colo.

You'll need to put in some effort, says Erin Fallon, a Strafford, N.H., housewife who's been purchasing organic groceries through a co-op for years. One group member gathers orders and collects money; then the women meet at another member's home to divvy up food once a month. The effort is well worth it, though. Fallon says she saves $300 to $500 a month.

3. Automobiles

Need a new car? The good news is that with demand down, automakers are unlikely to raise their prices this year, says economist Gus Faucher with Economy.com.

When buying, take a tip from master saver Carter. Michele Carter and her husband, Richard, negotiate with dealers for each other's cars.

"Dealers have to get on the phone and actually negotiate with someone who is not emotionally invested in the purchase. So far, this has helped us not get taken," she says.
When Michele Carter fell in love with a 2006 Saab last year, she could see that the dealer wouldn't reduce the price for her "because they could see that I was sold on the vehicle." So she turned to Richard for help. He talked the dealer into reducing the price of the extended warranty by $1,000 and persuaded him to throw in Bluetooth for free. Carter was thrilled with her new car -- and the price.

A ream of information exists on how to get the best price on a new car. But what's the cheapest way to finance it?

Wellesley, Mass., financial planner Steve Doucette advises that you figure out which car you want and wait for the manufacturer's year-end zero percent financing deals.

Or consider buying a car at an auto auction. There are two kinds -- government-run auctions open to the public and dealer auctions, where used-car dealers get many of the cars they sell on the lot.

Financial planner Chris Grande admires a friend who bought a used Mercedes at a dealer auction, saving at least $4,000 in the process. In order to get access to dealer auctions, you'll need to go with a friend who has a dealer license and is willing to do a favor for you.

In addition to actual car dealers, tow-truck companies, auto body shops and others also have dealer licenses, Grande says.

4. Giving

Sarah Auerbach, a stay-at-home mother in Acton, Mass., and her husband, programmer Laird Nelson, like to donate to charities. But they're saving to buy a larger home.

Tired of reactively contributing in response to mailed solicitations, they visited their accountant for advice on how much to give annually. Then they listed several favorite causes and assigned weights to each -- for instance, 15 percent for women's rights, 10 percent each to several local hunger-fighting organizations, and so on. Then they did the math and figured out how much money they'd be giving to each of eight or 10 nonprofits.

To spread out the expense, they designated payments to one or two charities monthly.

5. Commuting and Housing

Hegarty, the Des Moines CPA, saves money in a variety of ways. He and his family clip coupons and turn off lights. But a self-proclaimed cheapskate, Hegarty believes the "small stuff" doesn't really pay off. It's the big stuff, like making wise choices about where to live, that really counts.

Hegarty and his wife, who have four children, chose to buy a $150,000 farmhouse some miles outside of the suburbs rather than living in "$250,000 to $350,000 yuppie neighborhoods with my friends," Hegarty says. "That saves us $1,500 a year in (property) taxes and $6,500 a year in mortgage interest."

Hegarty acknowledges, however, that living some distance away from town costs him an additional $800 a year in gasoline and additional wear on his car. The Hegarty family plans trips to town in order to run several errands at once. He figures this careful planning saves them $500 a year in gasoline.

Their choice to live in a modest house allows Hegarty's wife to stay home with their kids, rather than working full time for a $50,000 salary.
On the other hand, living close to town also can save you money. Uber saver Martha Andersen spends next to nothing on gasoline. She and her husband Peter chose to live in downtown Durham, a small New Hampshire college town, rather than buying a house in the suburbs.

"We can walk to restaurants and grocery stores, the library, the bank, the car service, church, friends and to my father-in-law's," she says.

Since oil hit $100 a barrel, saving on gas has become as important as getting a cheap mortgage.

Living in Exeter, N.H., Melissa Ragan and her husband, Alex, sold Melissa's 2006 Toyota Camry in January 2008 and became a one-car couple. They carpool together to work and Alex takes the train home. They're saving $725 a month -- a $400 car payment, $75 in insurance and $250 in gas and tolls.

Rochester, N.Y., scientist Wilton Alston also forgoes four wheels whenever he can. He bikes the 15 miles to and from work whenever the weather is good, saving money -- and burning calories -- along the way.

By far the most ingenious strategy for saving on gas and auto costs comes from Dean Frisoli, who "slugs" to work. Slugging is a form of legal hitchhiking available to commuters outside of Washington, D.C., where the traffic is notorious.

In order to take the faster high-occupancy vehicle, or HOV, lane to work, a car must carry two passengers. At designated parking lots, so-called "sluggers" like Frisoli, a transportation policy analyst, line up to catch free rides from drivers eager to use the HOV lane. In the year since he started slugging, reports Frisoli, the former train commuter has saved more than $2,000.

"Other than the ice storm the day of the Virginia primary, where it took me five hours to get home, it has been a completely painless experience," he says.

Chetan Shah, a vice president at Bank of America in Charlotte, N.C., advocates paying for parking with pretax dollars. Tax law does permit this.

"Most of us ... have to pay either for parking or a monthly bus or train pass," he writes. "You can pay it pretax by asking the company you work for to deduct it directly from your paycheck."

6. Phone Service and Other Necessities

Financial planner Grande starts his conversation on saving money this way: "I'm talking to you on Skype right now."

Skype is an Internet-based phone system that lets computer users make calls for free or for only a few dollars a month. You don't need an actual phone -- just a computer and, if you wish, a headset, which costs about $20 at Radio Shack or Best Buy.

Download Skype for free, and you can "call" other Skype users for nothing. Pay $3 a month and you can make unlimited calls to land line and cell phone users.

Grande started using it last year and says now his office pays only the minimum local charge for having a land line -- less than $30 a month.
He uses Skype when he travels, making phone calls from WiFi hotspots in other states and even in other countries. When he traveled to Singapore last year, he called friends in the U.S. for only two cents a minute.

To save on utilities, conserve energy. Get an energy audit, says Larry Chretien, executive director of Mass Energy Consumers Alliance, a nonprofit home heating company with offices in Jamaica Plain, Mass., and Providence, R.I.

When it comes to energy efficiency, Chretien says, "We honestly think every home is different."

In many states, electric and gas utilities offer energy audits at no charge, and some will even help homeowners pay for their recommended changes. When this reporter had her home audited, Public Service of New Hampshire paid $2,000, or more than two-thirds of the total cost of energy-saving improvements, like insulating and installing programmable thermostats.

Call your electric or gas company or search their Web sites for energy auditing programs.

7. Travel

Tostado, the uber saver from Dover, N.H., hoards credit card rewards points. When she turned 50 three years ago, she and her husband set a goal of running road races in all 50 states within 10 years. So far, they've managed 19 states. Those plane tickets could add up -- but not for them.

Their strategy? Never, ever use cash when you can use a credit card. They win multiple free flights a year by paying virtually all of their bills -- including groceries, utilities and their mortgage -- with a Southwest Airlines card.

They even buy Dunkin' Donuts gift cards on credit and use them to buy their morning coffee rather than "wasting" a couple of dollars' worth of points every day. The couple sets aside an hour a week to pay bills together and always pays the full credit card balance so that they never pay interest.

Doucette and his family can afford posh vacations, but sometimes the tab is just too high. When their traditional vacation choice, a Beaches resort, priced out at $8,000 to $12,000, the Doucettes decided to share their vacation. They and some friends rented a beachfront Jamaican villa, complete with chef and bartender, and spent less than $5,000 for the week.

If you're going to travel overseas, consider vacationing in Mexico, the Caribbean or even in Africa or Asia, where the dollar is stronger than it is in Europe.

To get the cheapest fares, use a service like FareCompare.com, which sends e-mails the instant a cheap fare becomes available for your destination of choice. Don't procrastinate buying that ticket -- the cheapest fares go to only about 10 percent of travelers.

Details on NIU gunman emerge

By CARYN ROUSSEAU and DEANNA BELLANDI, Associated Press Writers

The man who gunned down five people at Northern Illinois University in a suicidal rampage became erratic after halting his medication and carried a shotgun to campus inside a guitar case, police said Friday.

The man, 27-year-old former student Stephen Kazmierczak, was also wielding three handguns during Thursday's ambush inside a lecture hall.

Two of the weapons — the pump-action Remington shotgun and a Glock 9mm handgun — were purchased legally less than a week ago, on Feb. 9, authorities said. They were purchased in Champaign, where Kazmierczak was enrolled at the University of Illinois.

A spokesman for the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms said the other two guns were also legally purchased and traced to the Champaign gun shop, but the ATF was still determining when Kazmierczak picked them up.

Kazmierczak had a valid Firearm Owner's Identification Card, which is required for all Illinois residents who buy or possess firearms, authorities said.

The gunman's father, Robert Kazmierczak, briefly came out of his single-story house in Lakeland, Fla., to talk to reporters.

"Please leave me alone. I have no statement to make and no comment. OK? I'd appreciate that. This is a very hard time. I'm a diabetic and I don't want to go into a relapse," he said before breaking down crying.

He then went back inside his house, which has a sign on the front door that says "Illini fans live here."

President Bush talked by telephone with NIU President John Peters and said people will be praying for the families of the victims and for the Northern Illinois University community.

Campus Police Chief Donald Grady said investigators recovered 48 shell casings and six shotgun shells following the attack in Cole Hall. The gunman paused to reload his shotgun after opening fire on a crowd of terrified students in a geology class, sending them running and crawling toward the exits. He shot himself to death on the stage of the hall.

Kazmierczak, whose first name was earlier listed as Steven, was taking some kind of medication, Grady said.

"He had stopped taking medication and become somewhat erratic in the last couple of weeks," Grady said, declining to name the drug or provide other details.

Correcting information his office released earlier Friday, DeKalb County Coroner Dennis J. Miller said five students, not six, were killed in the rampage, in addition to the gunman. Miller said the higher victim total was the result of confusion over the fate of a patient taken to another county for treatment.

"There was a miscommunication," Miller said.

The motive of the killer, who graduated from NIU in 2006 but was a student there as recently as last year, was still not known. Grady said Kazmierczak was an "outstanding" student while at NIU and authorities were still trying to determine why he would kill. There was no known suicide note.

"We were dealing with a disturbed individual who intended to do harm on this campus," Peters said.

Witnesses said the gunman, dressed in black and wearing a stocking cap, emerged from behind a screen on the stage of 200-seat Cole Hall and opened fire just as the class was about to end around 3 p.m. Officials said 162 students were registered for the class but it was unknown how many were there Thursday.

John Giovanni, 20, of Des Plaines said the gunman calmly fired at the greatest concentration of students.

"He was shooting from the hip. He was just shooting," said Giovanni, who turned and ran so fast that he lost a shoe. "I was running but I was hurtling over people in the fetal position."

Peters said four people died at the scene, including three students and the gunman. The other died at a hospital. The teacher, a graduate student, was wounded but was expected to recover.

Miller released the identities of four victims: Daniel Parmenter, 20, of Westchester; Catalina Garcia, 20, of Cicero; Ryanne Mace, 19, of Carpentersville; and Julianna Gehant, 32, of Meridan.

Another victim, Gayle Dubowski, a 20-year-old sophomore from Carol Stream, died at a Rockford hospital, Winnebago County Coroner Sue Fiduccia said.

The killer had been a graduate student in sociology at Northern Illinois as recently as spring 2007, Peters said. He also said the suspect had no record of police contact or an arrest record while attending Northern Illinois, a campus with 25,000 students about 65 miles west of Chicago.

The gunman was a student at the University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign, Chancellor Richard Herman said. The university is about 140 miles south of Chicago.

Lauren Carr said she was sitting in the third row when she saw the shooter walk through a door on the right-hand side of the stage, pointing a gun straight ahead.

"I personally Army-crawled halfway up the aisle," said Carr, a 20-year-old sophomore. "I said I could get up and run or I could die here."

She said a student in front of her was bleeding, "but he just kept running."

"I heard this girl scream, 'Run, he's reloading the gun!'"

More than a hundred students cried and hugged as they gathered outside the Phi Kappa Alpha house early Friday to remember Parmenter. Flowers, candles and small notes were left in the snow near Cole Hall. Flags were flying at half-staff. At a house across the street, a hand-drawn banner made out of a sheet said: 'NIU We Pray 4 U'

The campus was closed on Friday. Students were urged to call their parents and were offered counseling at any residence hall, according to the school Web site.

The school was closed for one day during final exam week in December after campus police found threats, including racial slurs and references to shootings earlier in the year at Virginia Tech, scrawled on a bathroom wall in a dormitory. Police determined after an investigation that there was no imminent threat and the campus was reopened. Peters said he knew of no connection between that incident and Thursday's attack.

How to get your financial records in order

By Tom Herman

How do you know whether you need to spend more time getting your financial affairs organized?

Answer: When a professional organizer sends you her latest book on the topic -- and you lose it before you get a chance to open it.

That's what happened to me recently, much to the amusement of several colleagues who sit near the mountains of books, papers, magazines, notepads, umbrellas, coffee cups and tax publications lying around my work space and spilling out of more than a dozen file cabinet drawers. One friend politely informed me I don't really need an expert organizer. I need an archaeologist.

But it's never too late to get started, and even the most paper-addicted pack rats can benefit from the growing number of books, pamphlets, software programs and getting-organized kits that focus on personal finance. Among the most popular software programs are Intuit Inc.'s Quicken and Microsoft Corp.'s Microsoft Money. They can help you pay bills, figure out where you're spending your money and create a budget. Millions of people have turned to these and other online products offered by banks and other financial institutions to pay bills and manage finances.

Getting your finances neatly organized is critically important if you care about your family and other heirs. Missing documents, records or stock and bond certificates can be hazardous to your family's wealth -- in addition to being frustrating and time-consuming experiences.

Some of the best organizing tools are free. For example, Merrill Lynch & Co., the nation's largest securities firm, offers a handy document you can download and use to jot down key personal contacts, location of important papers and other items. More free planning tools and organizers can be found on the Web site of Ronald Rogé, a financial planner.

Here are some thoughts from lawyers, accountants and organizing experts on how to be better organized, including what documents to keep, where to keep them and for how long.

Getting Started

Start by compiling a list of key people to call, including relatives, physicians and lawyers, in case of emergency. I carry around such a list in my wallet. I started doing this after a family friend was hit by a car on Park Avenue in New York City many years ago. She had no personal identification papers on her. Fortunately, a woman who had witnessed the accident raced to her side and asked her, just before she passed out, if there was someone who should be contacted. Our friend gave her the name and phone number of one of her sons, who raced to the scene. Our friend survived and told me that her saga underscores the importance of having a "loved-ones" list with you whenever possible.

Consider photocopying all your credit cards and other important items you carry in your wallet. If you lose your wallet or it's stolen, you'll know exactly what's missing and how to contact the credit-card companies. Store this list in a safe place at home with other details, including the location of any unused gift certificates you have received, as well as your point totals for frequent-flier or other similar programs.

Make sure to tell your family and advisers where you keep important documents, such as your will, health-care proxy, living will, insurance policies, household inventory, deeds to property and important tax records. Be sure to include the location of your bank safe-deposit box -- and where you have stored the key.

It's not enough just to compile these lists. Make sure to update them regularly, says Stephanie Winston, a professional organizer based in New York City and author of several books on the subject (including "Getting Organized," the book I somehow managed to lose).

Beware of mindless clutter, Ms. Winston says. She recommends a paper-handling system called "TRAF," which means toss, refer, act or file. While it may feel good to save everything, that could backfire if you can't find what you need in a hurry.

Pay attention to security. Store your information in a safe place. All your careful organizing plans can easily backfire if you allow your information to fall into the wrong hands. If you use a Palm Pilot, as I do, use passwords to protect all the information you've stored there. If you store your list on your computer, be sure it's password-protected. Also be sure to print out copies regularly and give them to a trusted relative or adviser.

Wills and Other Documents

Lawyers constantly marvel at how many highly intelligent people don't have a will -- and at how many people who do have wills haven't updated them for decades. Granted, nobody likes thinking about this subject, and lawyers say clients often are superstitious. Those clients fear that if they draw up a will or update it, they're sure to die on the spot.

But remember: When someone dies without a will -- or without an up-to-date will -- that can lead to lengthy family feuds, even over seemingly insignificant details.

Another reason many people don't have a will is they're uncomfortable discussing such delicate subjects with children and other family members. Get over it. Failing to have this conversation is an invitation to trouble.

Consider giving the original copy of your will to your lawyer or some other trusted adviser, along with the location of key documents. Make sure to tell your heirs what you've done. Don't put the only signed copy in your safe-deposit box; your heirs will need to get the will quickly.

Take the time to make sure you have a well-written power of attorney, and pick someone you trust completely.

Check with your lawyer to make sure that any power-of-attorney form you sign does precisely what you want it to do. For example, if you want the person holding your power-of-attorney to be able to make gifts of money or other property on your behalf, say so in writing. While state laws may vary, be as precise as possible on this subject.

And remember that a power of attorney isn't just for the elderly. Sudden illness -- or accidents -- can strike at any age, making it important that someone be authorized to manage your finances.

If you move to another state, make sure to get a thorough financial check-up from a pro just to make sure you don't need to make important revisions.

Above all, act now while you're healthy -- and be careful whom you select to help you. One of the classic mistakes is to wait until you get sick to start thinking about a power of attorney and other tough topics.

Updating Your Finances

Buy-and-hold may be a commonly recommended strategy on Wall Street -- but not when organizing your finances. With all the swings in financial markets these days, it's important to update your finances regularly.

One area many people overlook: U.S. savings bonds. They sound simple, but they bear close watching. For example, many investors own savings bonds that stopped paying interest years ago. The Treasury estimates that, as of April 30, savings bonds worth around $15.1 billion had stopped earning interest and were still in the hands of investors.

To learn about the status of your bonds, go to a Treasury Department Web site. Click on the section "Individual/Personal," and then click on: "Find out if your Treasury securities have matured." There, you'll find tables that will help you figure out whether your bonds are still earning interest, or for how long you can expect them to earn interest.

If you own any bonds that no longer are earning interest, be sure to cash them in or exchange them as soon as possible. Also check to see whether you or other family members own any stock certificates representing shares in companies that have gone bust. Even though those certificates may be worthless, they may help cut your taxes.

If you don't claim a loss for a worthless security on your original return for the year in which it actually became worthless, "you can file a claim for a credit or refund due to the loss," the IRS says. Use Form 1040X to "amend" your return for the year in which the security became worthless. But keep in mind that you must file it "within seven years from the date your original return for that year had to be filed, or two years from the date you paid the tax, whichever is later," the IRS says.

Here's another idea: If you have stock certificates for Enron or other well-known corporate disasters, consider trying to sell them to collectors through an online auction.

Tax Records

Most people should keep their federal income-tax returns for at least three years. But accountants and lawyers often recommend that clients keep returns for at least six years. That's because the IRS can go back that far if you didn't report taxable income you should have reported and it's more than 25% of the income shown on your return. Check to see if your state tax department has different rules.

There's no time limit if you file a return that is false or fraudulent, or if you don't bother filing a return at all. In that case, "an action can generally be brought at any time," the IRS says.

Some supporting documents need to be stored for much longer periods. For example, keep detailed records of how much you paid for your stocks, bonds, mutual-fund shares and other investments you haven't yet sold. When you sell them, you will need those records to establish what's known as your "cost basis." Also be sure to keep records of what you paid for your home and the cost of any improvements.

Before throwing away old tax returns, check to make sure the Social Security Administration has accurate records of how much you've earned each year.

If you get a Form W-2 from your employer, keep Copy C until you begin receiving Social Security benefits, the IRS advises. "This will help protect your benefits in case there is a question about your work record or earnings in a particular year," the IRS says in Publication 17.

When you do pitch old returns, make sure to shred them carefully so that they don't fall into the wrong hands.

Classic Blunders

Here are some things to watch out for when organizing your life

1. Neglecting to write a will. Not telling heirs the location of your financial accounts, safe-deposit box and key, and other important items.

2. Throwing away tax returns after a year or two. Save them at least three years -- and preferably six or seven.

3. Saving too much paper. If you do, you may be unable to find what's important when you need it.

4. Storing the only signed copy of your will in your safe-deposit box, instead of giving a copy to your lawyer or other trusted adviser.

5. Neglecting to carry an emergency list of loved ones, doctors and advisers in your wallet.

Source: WSJ reporting

Miscellaneous Tips

1. Direct Deposit. Whenever possible, have your paycheck, dividends, interest, income-tax refund and other income deposited directly into your account, rather than having checks sent to you in the mail. Ms. Winston says a client whom she was helping to get organized found a $13,000 check that hadn't been cashed. Fortunately, the client was able to get paid.

2. Paper certificates. If you still have stock or bond certificates lying around, consider turning them over to your stock broker, or the transfer agent, and having them transformed into electronic digits. That way, you don't have to worry about losing the certificates.

3. Filing taxes online. Filing electronically usually means speedier refunds and greater accuracy. IRS workers, after all, don't have to type your information into their systems. More than half of all returns filed to the IRS each year now are filed electronically.

4. Three key points: Update regularly. Back up your records regularly. And print several copies.

Negotiating tips for a new job

By Kate Lorenz, CareerBuilder.com Editor

As if the resume writing and panel interviews weren't grueling enough, now you've got to negotiate a salary before you can successfully end your job hunt. "If you want something, you had better negotiate for it." That's the bottom line according to authors Robin L. Pinkley and Gregory B. Northcraft in their book Get Paid What You're Worth. They note, "Employers routinely will offer you less than they ultimately expect to compensate you with the expectation that you will negotiate." To help you nail the big bucks, heed these Do's and Don'ts.

Do arm yourself with as much information as possible by checking out industry web sites for your occupational and geographic areas and others that specialize in salary information or the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Don't overlook information from consulting firms. Mike Nichols, Vice President of Compensation, Benefits and HRIS for Cendant Corporation, places the most confidence in surveys conducted by major consulting firms. "I frequently seek out surveys from Mercer, Hewitt, Towers Perrin and Watson Wyatt," says Nichols. While most of the survey data from these firms is cost-prohibitive for an individual, there are a lot of good articles and information available from their web sites to help you understand how companies view and determine compensation levels.

Do withhold salary information for as long as possible. "Salary information is often used by employers as a screening tool. You want to keep all salary information away from a potential employer for as long as possible so that you're not ?screened out' before you even get your foot in the door," suggests Denise Cooper, Vice President of Human Resources for Peoples Energy in Chicago.

Don't feel pressured to divulge a specific figure on an employment application. Instead, write "open," "negotiable" or "competitive" on every application form you complete.

Do delay the salary negotiation process for as long as possible. Each minute spent with your prospective employer is another minute you can use to explore the job and the types of responsibilities it entails. This will allow you more time to focus on your strengths and accomplishments as they relate to the job and demonstrate your value.

Don't be shy about outlining the skills and experience you will bring to your employer and how they will help the organization meet its goals or solve a problem. If there's ever a time to toot your own horn, the time is now. Know what the value of your skills, experience and achievements are worth in the current marketplace.

Do let the prospective employer make the first move into the salary negotiation phase. Knowing what the salary range is for the job will give you an idea of the interviewer's negotiating parameters and will help you gauge how much selling you may have to do.


Don't give the employer an actual figure if you are asked directly about the salary you want. Instead, turn the question around and ask what salary range would be offered in the company for this type of job for someone with similar years of experience, level of expertise and knowledge of the business.

Do be honest about your current salary. Falsely inflating your pay or padding numbers is dishonest and can come back to haunt you when your new employer verifies your past employment . . . and salary.

Don't act too eager to accept, even if the offer was more than you expected. Most employers have some room to negotiate and you should strongly consider making a counter offer. Pinkly and Northcraft found of the companies they interviewed, "Eighty percent told us that the job applicant who negotiates in a professional manner would make the best impression. Only 20 percent said they would be most impressed by the applicant who accepted the offer as made."

Do be professional in your negotiations. Keep the salary discussion positive and upbeat by focusing on why you should be paid what you desire and the value the employer will receive in return.

Don't let your current salary limit your viewpoint of what you're earning potential might be. If your research shows that the industry is paying more than your were being paid, hold out for this higher amount and remind the interviewer of your qualifications and experience.

Do be realistic in your expectations. Some candidates have inflated opinions of what they should be earning. Consider the industry, the economy, your experience and the competition from other potential candidates.

Don't let the employer rush you into accepting a salary that you know you'll be unhappy with soon after you take the job. Let them know that the salary offer is less than what you desire by saying something like, "Taking my experience into consideration and knowing that I have the ability to jump right in and make a difference, I really feel strongly that a salary of $55,000 would be appropriate."

Do aim high. Keep in mind that you can always lower your desired salary expectations, but it's impossible to inflate it once you indicate what would be acceptable to you.

Gas price Web sites see skyrocketing traffic

GasBuddy.com, GasPriceWatch.com seek to serve deal-hunting drivers

By Robert Weller

The higher gasoline prices go, the more money business Web entrepreneur Jason Toewes makes.

He started an Internet site, GasBuddy.com, in 2000 to track daily gasoline prices using volunteers to e-mail what they find. "Hardly anybody ever used it," Toewes, of Brooklyn Park, Minn., recalled.

By 2004, 1 million people were visiting the site daily, although the numbers dropped when prices went down.

But at the pace hits were being recorded Thursday, the site was likely to break its record of 4 million visitors, Toewes said. As gasoline prices have risen, so have the hits on his site and another, GasPriceWatch.com.

"We have had to buy more servers and it looks like we will need more," he said.

GasBuddy.com offers information from 180 locations in the U.S. and Canada, including every major city. The site said the average price nationally in the U.S. was $3.22 for unleaded Thursday afternoon, compared with $2.86 a year ago.

Brad Proctor, founder of GasPriceWatch.com in Centerville, Ohio, said his site has added prices for ethanol, biodiesel, truck diesel and ultra-low-sulfur diesel. Hits on his site have doubled. As many eight people log in every second during peak periods, he said.

Dan Gilligan, president of the Arlington, Va.-based Petroleum Marketers Association of America, said the system is a good idea but warned consumers to remember that if they drive more than 10 miles to save a nickel, they are losing money. He also said there's no guarantee the price will be the same when they arrive.

"Many retailers are getting price increases twice a day. You may have a price increase within six hours," he said.

Other businesses are also tying technology to drivers' increasing efforts to find a deal.

A cell phone provider, Mobio Networks, launched a free service this week telling its customers the cheapest gasoline prices in their area.

BetUS.com, a sports betting Web site, was posting odds of the national average exceeding $3.50 before the end of the year.

Toewes' company, GasBuddy Organization Inc., claims to monitor 900,000 stations with several hundred thousand registered volunteers. GasPriceWatch.com says it tracks 170,000 stations.

People can send a message to gas(at)gasbuddy.com with a ZIP code in the text area, and the site will reply with the cheapest nearby stations.

The Web site also has a national map for those planning trips.

Relying on volunteers for price information does have its flaws. People occasionally make false reports of unrealistically low prices, Toewes said. "We do monitor them and we take them off and ban the person who sent it," he said.

He also gets calls from time to time from stations embarrassed to be on the list with the highest prices. "They don't want to be seen as gouging people," he said.

Supermarkets and stores such as Costco Wholesale Corp. locations often are the cheapest "because they use gas as a loss leader," Toewes said.

Calls and e-mails to the Web site lead him to believe the shock of $3 gasoline has worn off.

"People are budgeting for it," he said. "But many people will just put five bucks in until they can find a cheaper station."

Toewes said despite its increasing number of hits, the Web site has not made millionaires of him or co-founder Dustin Coupal, an ophthalmologist.

"But we do have enough advertising to sustain the operation," he said.

Virginia Tech reports shooting, 1 killed

Associated Press

A shooting at a Virginia Tech dorm Monday left one person dead and one wounded, a state government official with knowledge of the case told The Associated Press.

A gunman was "loose on the campus" the state university said on its Web site. The advisory said a shooting had occurred at a residence hall and that students should stay in their homes away from windows.

"There's just a lot of commotion. It's hard to tell exactly what's going on," said student Jason Anthony Smith, 19, who lives in the building where shooting took place.

The shooting was reported at West Ambler Johnston Hall.

Officials ordered the campus closed, the second time in less than a year the 26,000-student campus was shut because of a shooting.

In August 2006, the opening day of classes was canceled and the campus closed when an escaped jail inmate allegedly killed a hospital guard off campus and fled to the Tech area. A sheriff's deputy involved in the manhunt was killed on a trail just off campus.

The accused gunman, William Morva, faces capital murder charges.